Axial-flow hollow cone nozzles. The liquid supply is axial, rotary motion of the liquid is generated by so-called swirl inserts or vanes. Axial-flow hollow cone nozzles allow to produce the finest droplets achievable with pressure-operated nozzle designs. This is also called hydraulic atomization. Characteristics are as follows:

• Finest drop particulates
• Narrow free cross-sections
• Maximum spray angle of 90°

Eccentric-flow hollow cone nozzles. The liquid supply which is tangentially positioned to the mixing chamber, causes the liquid to rotate. A liquid layer forms around the inside walls of the nozzle which influences heavily the drop size. A rotary motion of the liquid flow is transformed at the nozzle orifice into axial and tangential speeds. A circular liquid screen is formed which disintegrates into fine droplets soon after leaving the nozzle orifice. This nozzle design has wide free cross-sections making it highly clog-proof. Chracteristics are as follows:

• Coarser droplets than axial-flow hollow cone nozzles
• Large free cross-sections
• Wide spray angles up to 130°
• Self-cleaning, non-clogging